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Android Paint之ColorFilter详解

来源:程序员人生   发布时间:2016-07-28 09:23:29 阅读次数:2121次

尊重原创,转载请标明出处    http://blog.csdn.net/abcdef314159

在之前讲到Android Paint的使用详解的时候,其中setColorFilter(ColorFilter filter)方法没有讲,今天就来简单的分析1下,在Android中ColorFilter共有3个子类,ColorMatrixColorFilter,LightingColorFilter,PorterDuffColorFilter,今天先来看第1个ColorMatrixColorFilter,ColorMatrixColorFilter的构造方法很简单,1个是传入数组,1个是传入ColorMatrix类型的对象

public ColorMatrixColorFilter(ColorMatrix matrix) { mMatrix.set(matrix); update(); }
public ColorMatrixColorFilter(float[] array) { if (array.length < 20) { throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(); } mMatrix.set(array); update(); }
这里主要来看1下ColorMatrix这个类,它内部有1个数组mArray,其实他保存的是1个4x5色彩矩阵,
* [ a, b, c, d, e, * f, g, h, i, j, * k, l, m, n, o, * p, q, r, s, t ]
可以用来修改ARGB的值,其中 第1行决定红色R,第2行决定绿色G,第3行决定蓝色B,第4行决定了透明度A,第5列是色彩的偏移量

而图象的ARGB值存储在1个5*1的色彩份量矩阵中[R, G, B, A,1]。终究运算的结果是两矩阵相乘

R = a*R + b*G + c*B + d*A + e; G = f*R + g*G + h*B + i*A + j; B = k*R + l*G + m*B + n*A + o; A = p*R + q*G + r*B + s*A + t;
我们看到mArray的大小为20,也就相当于1个4*5的数组,
private final float[] mArray = new float[20];
在初始化的时候,矩阵的数值会进行初始化
/** * Set this colormatrix to identity: * <pre> * [ 1 0 0 0 0 - red vector * 0 1 0 0 0 - green vector * 0 0 1 0 0 - blue vector * 0 0 0 1 0 ] - alpha vector * </pre> */ public void reset() { final float[] a = mArray; Arrays.fill(a, 0); a[0] = a[6] = a[12] = a[18] = 1; }
其中第5列是偏移量,比如
[ 1 0 0 0 8 0 1 0 0 8 0 0 1 0 8 0 0 0 1 0 ]

表示个色彩份量计算完成以后要在加上8,其中最后1行是表示透明度的,1般不要修改。我们来演示1下

public class ColorFilterView extends View { private Paint mPaint; private Bitmap mBitmap; private int padding = 12; float[] colorMatrix = { 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, //red 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, //green 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, //blue 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 //alpha }; private ColorMatrixColorFilter mLightingColorFilter= new ColorMatrixColorFilter(colorMatrix); public ColorFilterView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) { super(context, attrs); init(); } private void init() { mPaint = new Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG); mBitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.icon); } @Override protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) { super.onDraw(canvas); for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) { mPaint.setColorFilter(mLightingColorFilter); canvas.drawBitmap(mBitmap, (i % 4) * (mBitmap.getWidth() + padding), (i / 4) * (mBitmap.getHeight() + padding), mPaint); } } }
看1下结果


再来修改1下

float[] colorMatrix = { 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, //red 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, //green 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, //blue 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 //alpha };
看1下运行结果


最后在修改1下,让他还原正常图片

float[] colorMatrix = { 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, //red 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, //green 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, //blue 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 //alpha };
看1下结果


OK,上面的演示完了,我们看下面的1个矩阵。

[ 1 0 0 0 8 0 2 0 0 8 0 0 3 0 8 0 0 0 1 0 ]
他表示红色份量偏移8,绿色份量*2在偏移8,蓝色份量*3在偏移8。下面看1下主要的方法,setScale(float rScale, float gScale, float bScale, float aScale)
public void setScale(float rScale, float gScale, float bScale, float aScale) { final float[] a = mArray; for (int i = 19; i > 0; --i) { a[i] = 0; } a[0] = rScale; a[6] = gScale; a[12] = bScale; a[18] = aScale; }
这个和矩阵刚初始化的时候差不多,不过这里的值不是1,是我们传入的值,代表的是亮度,我们看1下
public class ColorFilterView extends View { private Paint mPaint; private Bitmap mBitmap; private ColorMatrix colorMatrix = new ColorMatrix(); private ColorMatrixColorFilter matrixColorFilter[] = new ColorMatrixColorFilter[24]; private int padding = 12; public ColorFilterView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) { super(context, attrs); init(); } private void init() { mPaint = new Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG); mBitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.icon); for (int i = 0; i < 24; i++) { if (i < 8) colorMatrix.setScale(i * .1f, i * .1f, i * .1f, i * .1f); else if (i < 16) colorMatrix.setScale(i * .1f, i * .1f, i * .1f, i * .1f); else colorMatrix.setScale(i * .1f, i * .1f, i * .1f, i * .1f); matrixColorFilter[i] = new ColorMatrixColorFilter(colorMatrix); } } @Override protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) { super.onDraw(canvas); for (int i = 0; i < 24; i++) { mPaint.setColorFilter(matrixColorFilter[i]); canvas.drawBitmap(mBitmap, (i % 4) * (mBitmap.getWidth() + padding), (i / 4) * (mBitmap.getHeight() + padding), mPaint); } } }

我们看1下运行结果


再来修改1下

for (int i = 0; i < 24; i++) { if (i < 8) colorMatrix.setScale(i * .1f, i * .3f, i * .9f, i * .1f); else if (i < 16) colorMatrix.setScale(i * .1f, i * .3f, i * .9f, i * .1f); else colorMatrix.setScale(i * .1f, i * .3f, i * .9f, i * .1f); matrixColorFilter[i] = new ColorMatrixColorFilter(colorMatrix); }
看1下运行结果

再看另外一个方法setRotate(int axis, float degrees),表示的是色相

/** * Set the rotation on a color axis by the specified values. * <p> * <code>axis=0</code> correspond to a rotation around the RED color * <code>axis=1</code> correspond to a rotation around the GREEN color * <code>axis=2</code> correspond to a rotation around the BLUE color * </p> */ public void setRotate(int axis, float degrees) { reset(); double radians = degrees * Math.PI / 180d; float cosine = (float) Math.cos(radians); float sine = (float) Math.sin(radians); switch (axis) { // Rotation around the red color case 0: mArray[6] = mArray[12] = cosine; mArray[7] = sine; mArray[11] = -sine; break; // Rotation around the green color case 1: mArray[0] = mArray[12] = cosine; mArray[2] = -sine; mArray[10] = sine; break; // Rotation around the blue color case 2: mArray[0] = mArray[6] = cosine; mArray[1] = sine; mArray[5] = -sine; break; default: throw new RuntimeException(); } }
其中axis为0时表示的是红色份量旋转的角度,为1时是绿色份量旋转的角度,为2时是蓝色份量旋转的角度,
for (int i = 0; i < 24; i++) { if (i < 8) colorMatrix.setRotate(0, i*50); else if (i < 16) colorMatrix.setRotate(1, i*50); else colorMatrix.setRotate(2, i*50); matrixColorFilter[i] = new ColorMatrixColorFilter(colorMatrix); }
看1下运行结果

再来修改1下

for (int i = 0; i < 24; i++) { if (i < 8) colorMatrix.setRotate(0, i*50); else if (i < 16) colorMatrix.setRotate(1, (i%8)*50); else colorMatrix.setRotate(2, (i%8)*50); matrixColorFilter[i] = new ColorMatrixColorFilter(colorMatrix); }

看1下运行结果


再看另外一个方法setSaturation(float sat),代表的是饱和度,其中0是灰色,1是正常

for (int i = 0; i < 24; i++) { if (i < 8) colorMatrix.setSaturation(i*.2f); else if (i < 16) colorMatrix.setSaturation(i*.5f); else colorMatrix.setSaturation(i*2f); matrixColorFilter[i] = new ColorMatrixColorFilter(colorMatrix); }
运行结果为


setConcat(ColorMatrix matA, ColorMatrix matB),两矩阵相乘

public void setConcat(ColorMatrix matA, ColorMatrix matB) { float[] tmp; if (matA == this || matB == this) { tmp = new float[20]; } else { tmp = mArray; } final float[] a = matA.mArray; final float[] b = matB.mArray; int index = 0; for (int j = 0; j < 20; j += 5) { for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) { tmp[index++] = a[j + 0] * b[i + 0] + a[j + 1] * b[i + 5] + a[j + 2] * b[i + 10] + a[j + 3] * b[i + 15]; } tmp[index++] = a[j + 0] * b[4] + a[j + 1] * b[9] + a[j + 2] * b[14] + a[j + 3] * b[19] + a[j + 4]; } if (tmp != mArray) { System.arraycopy(tmp, 0, mArray, 0, 20); } }
preConcat(ColorMatrix prematrix)前乘,postConcat(ColorMatrix postmatrix)后乘,调用的都是setConcat(ColorMatrix matA, ColorMatrix matB)方法,由于矩阵的乘法不具有交换律,改变两个矩阵的位置会产生不同的结果。

再来看ColorFilter的另外一个子类LightingColorFilter光线色彩过滤,就1个构造方法

public LightingColorFilter(int mul, int add) { mMul = mul; mAdd = add; update(); }
mul表示色彩增加的倍数,add为色采增加,
public class ColorFilterView extends View { private Paint mPaint; private Bitmap mBitmap; private LightingColorFilter mLightingColorFilter[] = new LightingColorFilter[8]; private int padding = 12; public ColorFilterView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) { super(context, attrs); init(); } private void init() { mPaint = new Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG); mBitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.icon); //不变 mLightingColorFilter[0] = new LightingColorFilter(0xFFFFFFFF, 0x00000000); //去掉红色 mLightingColorFilter[1] = new LightingColorFilter(0xFF00FFFF, 0x00000000); //去掉绿色 mLightingColorFilter[3] = new LightingColorFilter(0xFFFF00FF, 0x00000000); //去掉蓝色 mLightingColorFilter[4] = new LightingColorFilter(0xFFFFFF00, 0x00000000); //增加红色 mLightingColorFilter[5] = new LightingColorFilter(0xFFFFFFFF, 0x00560000); //增加绿色 mLightingColorFilter[6] = new LightingColorFilter(0xFFFFFFFF, 0x00006400); //增加蓝色 mLightingColorFilter[7] = new LightingColorFilter(0xFFFFFFFF, 0x00000056); } @Override protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) { super.onDraw(canvas); for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) { mPaint.setColorFilter(mLightingColorFilter[i]); canvas.drawBitmap(mBitmap, (i % 4) * (mBitmap.getWidth() + padding), (i / 4) * (mBitmap.getHeight() + padding), mPaint); } } }
运行结果为


再来看ColorFilter的最后1个子类PorterDuffColorFilter,他也是只有1个构造方法

/** * Create a color filter that uses the specified color and Porter-Duff mode. * * @param color The ARGB source color used with the specified Porter-Duff mode * @param mode The porter-duff mode that is applied * * @see Color * @see #setColor(int) * @see #setMode(android.graphics.PorterDuff.Mode) */ public PorterDuffColorFilter(@ColorInt int color, @NonNull PorterDuff.Mode mode) { mColor = color; mMode = mode; update(); }
我们看1下
public class ColorFilterView extends View { private Paint mPaint; private Bitmap mBitmap; private int length = PorterDuff.Mode.values().length; private PorterDuffColorFilter mLightingColorFilter[] = new PorterDuffColorFilter[length]; private int padding = 12; public ColorFilterView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) { super(context, attrs); init(); } private void init() { mPaint = new Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG); mBitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.icon); int i = 0; for (PorterDuff.Mode e : PorterDuff.Mode.values()) mLightingColorFilter[i++] = new PorterDuffColorFilter(Color.YELLOW, e); } @Override protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) { super.onDraw(canvas); for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) { mPaint.setColorFilter(mLightingColorFilter[i]); canvas.drawBitmap(mBitmap, (i % 4) * (mBitmap.getWidth() + padding), (i / 4) * (mBitmap.getHeight() + padding), mPaint); } } }
运行结果为

其中Mode是之前在讲到Android Paint的使用详解的时候讲到的18种混合模式,OK,到此为止,已分析终了。

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